What is sex therapy?

Sex therapy is a specialized form of talk therapy focused on addressing sexual concerns, difficulties, or dysfunctions. It is designed to help individuals and couples resolve emotional, psychological, and relational issues related to sex, intimacy, dating and sexuality. Sex therapy is provided by trained professionals—often psychologists, licensed counselors, social workers, or marriage and family therapists—who have additional expertise in human sexuality.

Who Seeks Treatment?

Sex therapy is intended for adults and couples of all genders, sexual orientations, and relationship types experiencing distress or challenges related to sexuality. Common issues addressed include:

Low sexual desire or mismatched libido between partners

Difficulties with arousal or orgasm

Pain during sex (such as vaginismus or dyspareunia)

Erectile dysfunction and premature or delayed ejaculation

Sexual trauma or abuse recovery

Body image concerns affecting sexual confidence

Communication problems about sex in relationships

Exploration of sexual orientation or gender identity

Compulsive sexual behaviors or problematic pornography use

Sex therapy can benefit people who are single, dating, married, or in other relationship structures, and it welcomes individuals from diverse cultural, religious, and social backgrounds.

How Does Sex Therapy Work?

Sex therapy is a collaborative, client-centered process. Sessions typically involve open discussion of concerns, guided by the therapist in a safe and confidential environment. The therapist may use a range of evidence-based techniques, including:

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): Identifying and challenging negative thoughts or beliefs about sex.

Psychoeducation: Providing accurate information about sexual function and anatomy.

Communication training: Helping partners express needs and set boundaries.

Mindfulness and relaxation exercises: Reducing anxiety and stress associated with sexual activity.

Behavioral assignments: Suggesting exercises or activities to try alone or with a partner to enhance intimacy and pleasure (e.g., sensate focus exercises).

Trauma-informed approaches: Supporting healing from past sexual trauma or abuse.

Sex therapy does not involve sexual contact between the therapist and client. Instead, it empowers clients to gain greater understanding, confidence, and satisfaction in their sexual lives. The number and frequency of sessions depend on the nature and complexity of the concerns being addressed.

Sex therapy offers a respectful, supportive space to address intimate concerns that can significantly impact well-being and relationships. By working with a qualified professional, individuals and couples can overcome barriers, improve communication, and achieve healthier, more fulfilling sexual lives.